Want to break into the coffee industry—do you really need to spend money on certifications? The two major international credentials, SCA and Q Grader, are often discussed. SCA uses a credit-accumulation system covering barista skills, pour-over, roasting, sensory, and green coffee, among other areas, allowing students to choose modules as needed; Q Grader, launched by CQI, focuses on green coffee quality evaluation, requiring candidates to pass twenty tests within six days, with the certificate valid for three years. This article breaks down the course structure, exam content, fees, and target audiences of the two types of certification to help you decide which path better suits your career plans. [more…]

Cupping is a common method used in the coffee industry to evaluate bean quality, but why not use pour-over instead? This question takes us back to the origins of cupping. Cupping originated in the 1980s in the American coffee trade; in order to quickly, conveniently, and with minimal human intervention test large batches of coffee beans, immersion extraction came into being. Today cupping is widely used in competitions, appraisal, and research. This article will introduce in detail the standard parameters and complete process of cupping, including grinding, pouring water, breaking the crust, skimming, and tasting, and will also explain the definition of triangle cupping and how it differs from regular cupping. Front Street Coffee will also share a method for easily doing cupping at home to help you improve your tasting ability. [more…]

Recently, the Fujian Province Consumers' Rights Protection Commission released a comparative test report on freshly made and sold coffee. In tests of 59 samples from 20 brands in Fuzhou, low levels of acrylamide, a Group 2A carcinogen, were found in all of them. After the news spread through self-media, it quickly triggered public concern. In fact, acrylamide in coffee is naturally produced during the roasting process and is not artificially added. This article will analyze the testing background, the sources of acrylamide, and the carcinogenic dose in order to help readers view this test result rationally and avoid being misled by scary headlines. [more…]

Last month, Qianjie shared with everyone the scoring system of cup testing, among which we briefly mentioned COE. In daily life, the word COE also often appears on the labels of some beans. This immediately aroused everyone's curiosity: What is COE? [more…]

When brewing coffee, water quality, cooling methods, and tasting cup types are often treated as independent variables, but can combining all three lead to more significant sensory improvements? Front Street Coffee designed a controlled experiment using Huakui beans as samples: one group used regular mountain spring water, no ice ball, and a standard espresso cup, while the other used a custom water concentrate, a Paragon ice ball, and an aromatic tasting cup, with completely identical brewing parameters. Through concentration measurements and blind tasting, the actual contributions of these tools at different stages were verified. This article documents in detail the TDS control of the custom water concentrate, the cooling mechanism of the Paragon ice ball, and the aroma-concentrating effect of the tasting cup, and invited colleagues and customers to participate in a blind selection. The final results were highly consistent, providing coffee enthusiasts with a reproducible reference for combined techniques. [more…]

As the birthplace of coffee, Ethiopia's grading system directly affects the quality and flavor expression of coffee beans. The Yirgacheffe region is world-renowned, but what exactly is the difference between the commonly seen Front Street Yirgacheffe G1 and G2 coffee beans on the market? Behind this lies the evolution of Ethiopia's coffee grading system. From CLU to ECX, from simple defect counting to a comprehensive score combining physical characteristics and cupping flavor, the grading standards have undergone major changes. This article will systematically review the historical development and specific standards of Ethiopian coffee grading, compare the grading differences between washed and natural processing, and through three dimensions—green bean appearance, roasted bean appearance, and cupping flavor—deeply analyze the actual differences between Front Street Yirgacheffe G1 and G2, helping coffee enthusiasts understand the quality implications behind the grade numbers. [more…]

When brewing coffee, most people focus on whether the water's TDS is in the appropriate range, but few pay attention to whether repeatedly boiling the hot water affects the coffee's flavor. Some believe that coffee brewed with water that has been boiled multiple times will decline in quality. To verify this claim, Front Street Coffee designed a controlled experiment, using a TDS test pen and a coffee concentration meter, brewing a medium-light roasted Sidamo Hachira 8.0 by immersion in a clever cup, using water boiled for the first through fourth times respectively, and recording the TDS value of the water and the coffee concentration performance each time. This article will present the experimental setup, operating procedure, and data results one by one, to help coffee enthusiasts determine whether repeatedly boiled water is truly unsuitable for brewing coffee. [more…]

When making espresso, does the temperature of the portafilter have a substantial impact on the final flavor? Front Street Coffee conducted a comparative test around this question: three portafilters were placed respectively in a room-temperature storage area, a refrigerator's cold compartment, and the coffee machine's cup-warming zone, then used with the same beans and identical parameters for extraction. The results showed differences among the three espressos in time, temperature, and taste performance. This article documents the experimental process and tasting results in detail, explores the feasibility of low-temperature portafilters in café settings, and offers alternative solutions. If you have also agonized over whether the portafilter needs to be kept warm, take a look at what this hands-on test reveals. [more…]

Water temperature is a crucial variable in pour-over coffee extraction, directly influencing the flavor expression of the final cup. High-temperature water produces a more intense coffee taste, while low-temperature water makes the flavor flatter. To quantify this difference, Front Street Coffee conducted a comparative test using Panama Butterfly coffee beans, brewing at 90°C and 93°C respectively, and revealing the specific effects of water temperature on extraction through concentration measurements and sensory evaluation. The test results not only show the data gap between the two in concentration and extraction yield, but also describe in detail the changes in aroma, sweetness, complexity, and defective flavors. In addition, the article shares Front Street's water temperature selection strategy for light-roast beans in daily brewing, and which bean varieties are suitable for using higher water temperatures to unleash their potential. [more…]

The National Health Commission recently solicited public comments on 19 national food safety standards, among which the "Determination of Acrylamide in Foods" includes coffee within its testing scope for the first time, responding to the social debate sparked by the detection of acrylamide in freshly made and sold coffee. At the end of 2023, a report by the Fujian Provincial Consumer Council brought acrylamide in coffee into the spotlight; experts pointed out that this substance is a byproduct of high-temperature processing rather than an artificial additive, and that its content in coffee is extremely low, so there is no need for excessive concern about daily consumption. This revision of the national standard aims to improve the testing system, drive process improvements in the industry, and safeguard consumer rights. [more…]

If you mistakenly press the stop button during espresso extraction before reaching the target yield, can you simply press it again to continue extraction? This article compares three espressos—normal extraction, mid-extraction stop-start, and stop-start near the final phase—to analyze how segmented extraction affects the color, flavor, and concentration of the coffee liquid. Front Street Coffee uses the Warm Sun blend, testing with 20g of grounds extracted to 40ml at a 1:2 brew ratio, to reveal why under pressurized extraction, changes in the puck structure cause an overly fast flow rate and under-extraction during a second extraction, along with operational recommendations. [more…]

Yirgacheffe is Ethiopia's proud specialty coffee calling card, and also the entry-level choice and long-time beloved favorite of countless coffee enthusiasts. This article focuses on Front Street Yirgacheffe: first analyzing the berry and floral-fruity notes in its dry and wet aromas, comparing the flavor differences between natural and washed processing methods; then breaking down the structural features of the V60 conical dripper and the Kalita cake cup, including Front Street's complete tested brewing parameters, covering grind size, water temperature, coffee-to-water ratio, and extraction time; finally providing purchasing reference, a half-pound 227 grams sells for only 80-90 yuan, with a single cup costing about five or six yuan, allowing you to easily brew a high-quality cup of Yirgacheffe at home. [more…]

A morning cup of americano wakes you up and reduces puffiness, but how much water should you add to make it taste just right? This question puzzles many coffee lovers. There is no universal fixed amount of water for an americano—the key lies in adjusting concentration: more water means a milder taste, less water means a stronger taste, and the roast level of the beans you choose directly determines the flavor direction. Dark-roasted beans lean toward caramel, chocolate, and nutty notes, while light-roasted beans are known for floral and fruity notes, and the two require completely different amounts of water. This article starts from the principle of concentration, combines it with Front Street Coffee's measured data, gives reference ratio ranges for hot and iced americanos, and shares how to use staged espresso extraction to test, at low cost, the cup that best suits your own taste. [more…]

Drip coffee bags have always been primarily brewed with hot water, but some coffee enthusiasts prefer a rich and smooth taste, so they try using milk directly to extract the drip bag, hoping to create a homemade version of a latte. Can milk really replace hot water to complete the extraction? Front Street found through actual testing that due to the high protein and lactose content in milk, its extraction capacity is far inferior to hot water. If the conventional drip bag brewing method is directly applied, it often results in a cup of coffee with a weak flavor or even sourness. To compensate for this deficiency, Front Street tried a method of first blooming with hot water, then injecting heated milk in stages, and provided bean selection suggestions for different roast levels. However, the test results showed that after the milk comes into contact with the coffee grounds, the fine particles swell and clog the filter bag, and the entire process takes up to twenty minutes, which is far from the original intention of the convenience of drip bags. So, what other more convenient options are there for those who want to drink drip bag milk coffee? This article will reveal them all. [more…]

Among the many variables in pour-over coffee, grind size is often the hardest to describe precisely in words. Every enthusiast uses a different grinder, so when baristas communicate with customers, they usually have to rely on everyday seasonings as analogies. Although this approach has its limitations, it is an effective way to quickly establish a brewing framework. This article will systematically sort out the applicable scenarios for four grind reference points—fine salt, fine granulated sugar, coarse granulated sugar, and sea salt texture—and, using a natural-process red cherry coffee as an example with the MAVO Wizard 2.0 manual grinder, demonstrate how to gradually "blind-test" your ideal setting when faced with an unfamiliar grinder by observing the bloom pattern, drawdown time, and coffee grounds condition, helping you find your own cup of good coffee. [more…]

In the Golden Cup extraction theory, extraction yield and concentration are the two core metrics for assessing the flavor state of coffee. However, coffee that falls within the ideal range is not necessarily delicious, and coffee outside the range is not necessarily undrinkable—the key lies in how to use these two values to help adjust the brewing plan. From the perspective of Front Street, this article first clarifies the basic definitions and ideal ranges of extraction yield and concentration, then explains in detail how to use two sets of concentration measuring tools, and finally uses the Santa Vini anaerobic natural beans as an example to fully demonstrate the entire process from weighing the liquid weight to plugging it into the formula to calculate the extraction yield. [more…]

As temperatures drop, pour-over coffee quickly goes cold. Front Street Coffee conducted an experiment using a washed Yirgacheffe Gedingding, pouring freshly brewed coffee into a 316 stainless steel thermos and sealing it, then measuring the temperature and tasting the flavor hour by hour. At 1 hour, 65.8°C, it still retained floral and citrus notes; at 2 hours, 60°C, there was almost no change; at 3 hours, 54°C, the flavor was slightly weaker; at 4 hours, 50°C, the floral notes had dissipated and the acidity and sweetness became more prominent; at 5 hours, 46°C, only honey green tea and citrus acidity remained. The test shows that a qualified thermos can preserve the flavor well for 2-3 hours, making it suitable for taking to work, but after 4-5 hours the drop in temperature makes it prone to bacterial growth, so long-term storage is not recommended. [more…]

A good cup of tea is seventy percent about the water. Many people focus only on the tea leaves when brewing, overlooking the decisive influence water quality has on flavor. Water hardness, pH, chlorine content, and total dissolved solids all directly affect the clarity and aromatic layers of the tea liquor. Drawing on real-world cases, this article explains why hard water causes iced tea to turn cloudy, how chlorine masks tea aroma, and offers actionable testing and filtration solutions. It also includes target water temperatures and steeping times for the six major tea categories, along with flavor references for common tea varieties. Whether you run a coffee shop or are a tea enthusiast, you'll find practical methods here to improve the consistency of your output. At the end, there's also information about Front Street Coffee's related products, which is worth checking out. [more…]

Many Moka pot enthusiasts often ask: which coffee beans are suitable for brewing in a Moka pot? Especially those beans whose flavor descriptions mention fruity acidity — do they actually taste good when brewed this way? To address this question, Front Street selected three coffee beans with varying levels of acidity for hands-on testing: Front Street Ethiopia Yirgacheffe Gedingding, Front Street Costa Rica Mozart, and Front Street Papua New Guinea Bird of Paradise. By comparing the flavor performance of the straight brew versus iced americano, practical advice on selecting beans for the Moka pot can be summarized: light-roasted citrus-toned beans are not suitable, while medium-light-roasted sweet fruity beans can deliver a pleasant surprise. This article will present the brewing parameters, crema condition, and tasting results in detail to help you better choose beans for your Moka pot. [more…]

Seeing the name "Piccolo" on a coffee menu makes many people curious: what exactly is the difference between it and a latte or a flat white? In fact, the official name of Piccolo coffee is "small latte," derived from the Italian word Piccolo, meaning "small." It was originally not intended for consumers, but was a practical tool used by roasters and baristas to test coffee beans and extraction parameters. Over time, this small milk coffee gradually made its way onto menus, becoming popular for its lower price and lighter feeling of fullness. However, making a good Piccolo is not simple—from steaming 60ml of milk to integrating and pouring latte art, every step tests the barista's skill. This article will take you through the origin of the name, its historical uses, flavor structure, and production challenges to give you a comprehensive understanding of the real differences between Piccolo coffee, flat white, and latte. [more…]